Circumflex to Distinguish Variable Names

Some authors create new variable names by adorning well-known symbols (like \( A \)) with the upright (\( \hat{A} \)), read “A hat”, and inverted (\( \check{A} \)) circumflex, read as “A check”. Depending on the font, these tiny diacritical marks can be hard to discern at a glance. A particularly egregious example is found in Hinze 2012, "Generic Programming with Adjunctions" (p. 5).